What are the functions of vacuum blood collection tubes of different colors
What are the functions of vacuum blood collection tubes of different colors?
Different colors of standard vacuum sampling head caps and labels represent different types of additives and test uses, so corresponding test tubes can be selected according to requirements. The colors of vacuum blood collection vessels are generally divided into the following categories:
The color of the blood collection vessel:
Red cap tube (dry vacuum tube without additives): It uses the principles of natural blood clotting to clot the blood. After the serum has naturally separated, it is centrifuged. Mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, myocardial enzymes, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, serum immunity Learn and so on.
Vacutainer tube color: orange cap tube (procoagulant tube) Coagulant is added at the same time. Coagulants activate fibrin, converting soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymers.
Blood tube color: Gold cap tube (blood collection tube containing inert separation gel and coagulant) is siliconized and coated with coagulant, which can accelerate blood coagulation and shorten the detection time. Add a separating gel to the tube. The separation gel tube has a good affinity and plays an isolation role. Generally speaking, even on an ordinary centrifuge, the separation gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum) and solid components (blood cells) in the blood, and accumulate in the test tube to form a barrier. After centrifugation, no oil droplets are produced in the serum, so the machine will not clog. Mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, myocardial enzymes, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, PCR, Torch, serum immunology test, etc.
Blood collection tube color: green cap tube (heparin anticoagulant tube)
Heparin is a mucopolysaccharide containing a sulfate group with a strong negative charge, which can enhance the effect of antithrombin III by inactivating serine protease, thereby preventing the formation of thrombin and preventing platelet aggregation.
Heparin tubes are generally used for emergency biochemical, flare, and hemorheological testing. When detecting sodium ions in blood samples, sodium heparin tubes cannot be used, so as not to affect the test results. It also cannot be used for white blood cell counts and differentials because heparin causes white blood cell aggregation.
Blood collection tube color: purple cap tube (EDTA Tube)
EDTA is an amino polycarboxylic acid that can effectively chelate calcium ions in the blood. Chelated calcium removes calcium from the point of reaction, preventing and terminating the intrinsic or extrinsic coagulation process, thereby preventing blood clotting. Compared with other anticoagulants, EDTA has less effect on hemagglutination and blood cell morphology, so EDTA salts (2k, 3k, 2Na) are usually used as anticoagulants. For general hematology (blood routine) examination and blood ammonia detection. Cannot be used for hemagglutination and trace element detection.
Blood collection tube color: blue cap tube (blood collection tube containing sodium citrate anticoagulant)
Sodium citrate chelates calcium ions in blood samples and acts as an anticoagulant. The ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:9. Mainly used in the fibrinolytic system (prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, fibrinogen). Pay attention to the blood volume (2ml) when collecting blood to ensure the accuracy of the test results. Immediately after blood collection, mix by inversion 8-10 times.
PT Tube color: black cap tube (containing 0.109mol/l sodium citrate)
The volume ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4, which is generally used for ESR detection. When the anticoagulant ratio is too high, the blood is diluted, which can accelerate ESR. Pay attention to the blood volume (2ml) when collecting blood to ensure the accuracy of the test results. Immediately after blood collection, mix by inversion 8-10 times.
ESR tube color: gray cap tube (contains potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride)
Sodium fluoride is a weak anticoagulant, which has a good effect on preventing the degradation of blood sugar. It is a great antiseptic for blood sugar testing. When using, pay attention to slowly inverting and stirring evenly. It is generally used for blood sugar detection, not for the determination of urea by the urease method, nor for the detection of alkaline phosphatase and amylase.
2023 08/10